Wistrish sounds and alphabet
Wistrish uses Wulfilic (Gothic) script, very similar to the one that Gothic language uses, though with some minor differences. The letters here are specified with their IPA keys, and sounds diverging from Gothic are marked in red. Vowel length in Wistrish ๐ฐ and ๐ฟ is also marked unlike in Gothic.
Wistrish script does not distinguish between upper case and lower case letters.
Almost every Wistrish letter has a numeric value, which is used in Wistrish numerals (which are derived from the Gothic numerals and are mostly used in some ordinary numbers).
Wistrish alphabet
| Letter | IPA | Name | Value | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ๐ฐ | a | ๐ฐ๐๐บ๐ | 1 | English "hat", Spanish "madre" |
| ๐ฐฬ | aห | ๐ฐ๐๐บ๐ ๐ผ๐น๐บ๐น๐ป๐ | - | Longer version of ๐ฐ |
| ๐ฑ | bยน, ฮฒยฒ, fยณ | ๐ฑ๐ฐ๐น๐๐บ๐ฐ | 2 |
ยนEnglish "boot"
ยฒSimilar to English "v", but between two lips without teeth ยณEnglish "foot" |
| ๐ฒ | gยน, ษฃยฒ, xยณ | ๐ฒ๐น๐ฑ๐ฐ | 3 |
ยนEnglish "give"
ยฒSpanish "amigo" ยณSpanish "jugar", German "Buch" |
| ๐ณ | dยน, รฐยฒ, ฮธยณ | ๐ณ๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ | 4 |
ยนEnglish "day"
ยฒEnglish "this" ยณEnglish "think" |
| ๐ด | eห | ๐ด๐น๐๐ | 5 | English "bed" (but longer), German "Seele" |
| ๐ต | kสท | ๐ต๐ฐ๐น๐๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ | 6 | English "queen" |
| ๐ตฬฑ | gสท | ๐ฑ๐น๐ฒ๐ตฬฑ | - | Voiced variant of ๐ต |
| ๐ถ | zแดฌ, sแดฎ | ๐ถ๐ฝ๐ฐ๐๐ฐ | 7 |
แดฌEnglish "zoo"
แดฎEnglish "swim" |
| ๐ท | h only | ๐ท๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ป | 8 | English "hat" |
| ๐ธ | ฮธ | ๐ธ๐น๐ฟ๐ธ | 9 | English "thank" |
| ๐น | i | ๐ด๐น๐ | 10 | English "free" (but shorter) |
| ๐บ | k | ๐บ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ๐ฝ | 20 | English "cat" |
| ๐ป | l | ๐ป๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ | 30 | English "load" |
| ๐ผ | m | ๐ผ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐ฐ | 40 | English "man" |
| ๐ฝ | n | ๐ฝ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ๐ณ๐ | 50 | English "need" |
| ๐พ | j | ๐พ๐ด๐ | 60 | English "year" |
| ๐ฟ | u | ๐ฟฬ๐๐ | 70 | English "loot" (but shorter) |
| ๐ฟฬ | uห | ๐ฟฬ๐๐ ๐ผ๐น๐บ๐น๐ป๐ | - | Longer version of ๐ฟ |
| ๐ | p | ๐๐ฐ๐น๐๐ธ๐๐ฐ | 80 | English "pole" |
| ๐ | ส | ๐๐ฐ๐ผ๐๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ฒ๐ | 90 | English "shop" |
| ๐ | r | ๐๐ฐฬ๐น๐ณ๐ฐ | 100 | Spanish "rojo" |
| ๐ | k | ๐๐ฐฬ๐ฟ๐น๐ป | 200 | English "sleep" |
| ๐ | t | ๐๐น๐ฟ๐ | 300 | English "tongue" |
| ๐ | w | ๐ ๐น๐ฝ๐น | 400 | English "word" |
| ๐ ฬ | y | ๐ ฬ๐๐๐ฟ๐ป | - | German รผber |
| ๐ | f | ๐๐ฐ๐น๐ท๐ฟ | 500 | English "foot" |
| ๐ | x | ๐๐๐ด๐น๐ผ๐ฐ | 600 | Spanish "jugar", German "Buch" |
| ๐ | ส | ๐๐ฐ๐น๐๐ | 700 | Close to Spanish "juego" |
| ๐ | oห | ๐๐ธ๐ฐ๐ป | 800 | English "yawn" |
| ๐ | สแดฌ, สแดฎ | ๐๐ด๐ผ | 900 |
แดฌEnglish "vision"
แดฎEnglish "shop" |
ยน Word initially and after consonants.
ยฒ Between two vowels or after a vowel before a consonant (non-finally).
ยณ Word finally after a vowel (including before consonants).
แดฌ Non-word finally.
แดฎ Word finally (including before consonants).
Digraphs and diphtongs
Wistrish has 3 diphtongs:
- ๐น๐ฟ [iu] โ native Gothic diphtong.
- ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ [au] โ occurs in some native Gothic words (mainly in some u- and wa-stems) and replaces Gothic S-IIa vowel ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ.
- ๐ฐฬ๐น [ai] โ chiefly occurs in borrowings.
Wistrish also has a number or digraphs:
| Digraph | IPA value | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| ๐ฐ๐น | ษ | Italian "bene", German "Bett" |
| ๐ฐฬ๐น | ษห | Longer variation of ๐ฐ๐น |
| ๐ฐ๐ฟ | ษ | English "not" |
| ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ | ษห | Longer variation of ๐ฐ๐ฟ |
| ๐ด๐น | iห | Longer variation of ๐น |
| ๐น๐ด | e | Shorter variation of ๐ด |
| ๐น๐ | o | Shorter variation of ๐ |
| ๐ฒ๐ฒ | ล | English "bring" |
| ๐ฒ๐บ | ลk | English "drink" |
| ๐ฒ๐ตฬฑ | ลgสท | Merger of ๐ฒ๐ฒ and ๐ตฬฑ |
| ๐ฒ๐ต | ลkสท | Merger of ๐ฒ๐บ and ๐ต |
| ๐บ๐ฒ | gg | Geminated [g] |
| ๐ณ๐ | dอกส | English "John" |
| ๐๐ | tอกส | English "chop" |
Vowel digraphs can also be broken if two component vowels actually occur independently in separate syllables:
- Digraphs ๐ฐฬ๐ฟ, ๐ฐฬ๐น, ๐ฐ๐ฟ, ๐ฐ๐น and ๐ด๐น can be broken with diaeresis: ๐ฐฬ๐ฟฬ, ๐ฐฬ๐นฬ, ๐ฐ๐ฟฬ, ๐ฐ๐นฬ, ๐ด๐นฬ
- Digraphs ๐น๐ด and ๐น๐ are broken with macron: ๐น๐ดฬ, ๐น๐ฬ
Due to technical difficulties with current displaying of "๐ฟฬ", we often do not use diaeresis here on the website. It is still mandatory in handwritten Wistrish.