Wistrish reference

Sidebar is under construction

Consonant stem nouns

Declension of consonant stem nouns is centered around a consonant, which is preceded by an ablaut vowel and which is followed by the number-case system.

Consonant stem nouns, like static consonant stems, do not have a thematic vowel. Consonant stems are therefore attached in compounds as is, while regular cases are connected through a -𐌿- infix.

Unlike weak nouns, consonant stem nouns always have their consonant present (in consonant n-stems too), including nominative singular, and all non-singulars.

Consonant stem notation

Due to the sheer amount of different consonant stem classes, generalized consonant stem notation is used. In it, there are two types of consonants:

• x — the consonant used with unablauted vowel (both the a and ā grades). Includes voiced variations in altering classes and -𐍂- in neuter r/n-stems.
• y — the consonant used with ablauted vowel (both the b and c grades). Includes devoiced variations in altering classes and -𐌽- in neuter r/n-stems.

And 4 types of vowels:

• ā — nominative singular grade. Generally just a lenitioned variant of a-grade, or -𐌹𐌿- in s-stem.
• a — general unablauted grade, used in non-oblique and non-core oblique cases in singular and all duals.
• b — singular ablauted grade, used in core oblique cases in singular and all paucals.
• c — plural ablauted grade, used in all plurals.

Void consonant stem classes differ from non-void ones by abscence of linking -𐌹- in genitive and causative singular.

Common subgroup

• Masculine ct-stem, ends in -āx in nominative singular.
• Feminine ct-stem, ends with -āx in nominative singular.
• Neuter d-ct-stem, ends with -āx in nominative singular. Derived consonant neuters are only encountered in consonant stem gender paradigms and behave slightly different from the masculine and feminine consonant stems.

Neuter subgroup

• Neuter ct-stem, the true neuter consonant stem class. When neuter consonant stems are animate, they become genderless. Neuter consnant stems are unrelated to the masculine-feminine-derived neuter triads with the same consonant.