Verb classes
Wistrish has two major verb class groups: root classes and derived classes.
Root classes
Root classes are independent verb classes: they are (by themselves) are not inherently derived from other verbs through suffixation (though in some cases it can happen as a part of a compound suffix).
- Strong verbs β the largest and the most frequently encountered independent verb class. Strong verbs undergo ablauting through tenses and aspects or in some cases reduplication.
- Preterite-present verbs β undergoes ablauting like the strong verbs, but non-past preterite-presents behave like the preterite of a strong verb, while past preterite-presents decline identically to the preterite of hollow verbs.
- Hollow verbs β a mainly minor class. There are only few actually independent hollow verbs: the vast majority of them come from hollow suffixes.
- Irregular verbs β a small class containing irregularly declined verbs.
Derived classes
Derived classes are always derived from another verb (usually with aspectual suffixes), and each derived verb can be ultimately traced back to a root class verb. These are:
- Weak verbs (-πΎπ°π½) β verbs with causative / transitive meaning. Very similar to hollow verbs in formation, especially to the hollow II subclass, but with an infix -πΉ- in preterite.
- A/O verbs (-π½π°π½) β verbs with fientive meaning. Decline like present strong verbs in the present tense and like past gnomic-iterational verbs in preterite.
- A/E verbs (-ππ°π½) β verbs with cessative meaning. Similarly to fientive, declines like present strong verbs in non-past and like past passive verbs in preterite.