Hollow verbs
Hollow verbs are a group of verbs that does not undergo ablauting (the only exception being π±ππΉπ²π²π°π½) and forms past tense through directly attaching a past tense marker -πΈ- to the root. This past tense marker follows the spirant law where it is applicable.
Hollow verbs mostly originate from Gothic and Proto-Germanic suffixless weak 1 sublclass.
For full base declension paradigm, see weak tables of this article.
Classification
There are two hollow verb subclasses: hollow I (no infix in present) and hollow II (-πΎ- infix in present).
Hollow I
Hollow I class includes the verbs (and their prefixed derivatives):
- π±ππΉπ²π²π°π½ - to bring.
- π±πΏΜπ°π½ - to dwell, to reside.
- Verbs formed with a causative-durative suffix -πΉππΊπ°π½.
Hollow II
Hollow II, or hollow j-present class includes the verbs (and their prefixed derivatives):
- π π°πΏππΊπΎπ°π½ - to work, to make.
- π±ππΏΜπΊπΎπ°π½ - to use.
- πππΊπΎπ°π½ - to seek, to search.
- π±πΏπ²πΎπ°π½ - to buy.
- π πΉπ»πΎπ°π½ - to want (does not have present indicative forms).
- πΈπ°π²πΊπΎπ°π½ - to think.
- ππ°ΜπΏπ½πΎπ°π½ - to try, to attempt.
- πΊπΏπ½πΎπ°π½ - to note.
- Verbs formed with an intensive suffix -π°ππΎπ°π½.
- Verbs formed with a diminutive suffix -π°πΊπΎπ°π½.
- Verbs formed with a speech-suffix -πΉππΎπ°π½.