U-stem
Another smaller adjective class. Strong forms have an infix -πΎ- in most cases, like i-stem adjectives do, but have diverging nominative forms weak forms are identical to the standard declensions of masculine un-stem, neuter un-stem and feminine Ε«n-stem nouns.
Strong declension
Strong non-singual regular cases are formed by adding a non-singular cluster to a vowel -π°ΜπΉ-.
| Singular | m. inan. | m. anim. | nt. inan. | nt. anim. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΏπ | -πΏ | -πΎπ°ππ° | -πΏπ | |
| Voc. | -πΎπ°πΏ | ||||
| Acc. | -πΎπ°π½πΏ | -πΏ | -πΎπ°ππΏ | -πΎπΏ | |
| Gen. | -πΎπΉπ | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆππ | |||
| Caus. | -πΎπΏΜ | -πΎπ°πΌπΌπ°π | -πΎπΏΜ | -πΎπ°πΌπΌπ°π | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°π |
| Dat. | -πΎπ°πΌπΌπ°πΉ | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°πΎ | |||
| Peg. | -πΎπ°πΌπΉ | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°πΉ | |||
| Instr. | -πΎπ΄ | -πΎπ°π½π° | -πΎπ΄ | -πΎπ°π½π° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ° |
| Form. | -πΎπ°π½π | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°π½π | |||
| Semb. | -πΎπ°π±π° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°π±π° | |||
| All. | -πΎπ°πΈ | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°πΈ | |||
| Loc. | -πΎπ°π | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°π | |||
| Abl. | -πΎπ°π½π° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ°π½π° | |||
Strong singular masculine and neuter adjectives distinguish between animacy and inanimacy in some cases.
| Dual | m. inan. | m. anim. | nt. inan. | nt. anim. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΎπ° | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπ° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉ |
| Voc. | -πΎπ° | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπ° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉ |
| Acc. | -πΎπ° | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπΉ | -πΎπ° | -πΎπ°ΜπΉ |
| Gen. | -πΎπ°π³π³πΎπ | -πΎπ°π³π³πΎπ΄ | |||
| Caus. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ±π° | ||||
| Dat. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌπ° | ||||
| Peg. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ° | ||||
| Instr. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌπΆπ° | ||||
| Form. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ π° | ||||
| Semb. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ±πΆπ° | ||||
| All. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπππ° | ||||
| Loc. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππΆπ° | ||||
| Abl. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ½π° | ||||
Dual non-genitive oblique cases use a dual marker -π°.
Distinction between animates and inanimates is also present in non-oblique (nominative, vocative and accusative) duals. Non-oblique duals forms are identical for all cases in adjectives similarly to how they are in nouns.
| Paucal | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΎπ΄πΉπ | -πΎπΉπΎπ° | -πΎπ΄πΉπ |
| Voc. | -πΎπ΄πΉπ | -πΎπΉπΎπ° | -πΎπ΄πΉπ |
| Acc. | -πΎπΉπ½π | -πΎπΉπΎπ° | -πΎπ΄πΉπ |
| Gen. | -πΎπΉπΎπ | -πΎπΉπΎπ΄ | |
| Caus. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ±πΉ | ||
| Dat. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌπΉ | ||
| Peg. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππΉ | ||
| Instr. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌπΆπΉ | ||
| Form. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ πΉ | ||
| Semb. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ±πΆπΉ | ||
| All. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπππΉ | ||
| Loc. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππΆπΉ | ||
| Abl. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ½πΉ | ||
Paucal non-genitive oblique cases use a paucal marker -πΉ.
Paucals do not distinguish between animate and inanimate forms.
| Plural | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΎπ°πΉ | -πΎπ° | -πΎππ |
| Voc. | -πΎπ°πΉ | -πΎπ° | -πΎππ |
| Acc. | -πΎπ°π½π | -πΎπ° | -πΎπΏπ½π |
| Gen. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ΄ | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΆπ | |
| Caus. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ | ||
| Dat. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌ | ||
| Peg. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ | ||
| Instr. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπΌπ | ||
| Form. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉπ | ||
| Semb. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ | ||
| All. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ | ||
| Loc. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ | ||
| Abl. | -πΎπ°ΜπΉππ½π° | ||
Plurals use devoiced forms without a marker.
Plurals, like paucals, do not distinguish between animate and inanimate forms
Weak declension
| Singular | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΏ | -π°Μ | -πΏΜ |
| Voc. | -πΏπ½π°πΏ | -π°Μπ½π°πΏ | -πΏΜπ½π°πΏ |
| Acc. | -πΏπ½ | -π°Μ | -πΏΜπ½ |
| Gen. | -π°π½π | -πΏΜπ½π | |
| Caus. | -π°π½π | -πΏΜπ½π | |
| Dat. | -π°π½π°πΉ | -πΏΜπ½π°πΉ | |
| Peg. | -π°π½πΉ | -πΏΜπ½πΉ | |
| Instr. | -π°π½π° | -πΏΜπ½π° | |
| Form. | -π°π½πΏ | -πΏΜπ½πΏ | |
| Semb. | -π°π½π±π° | -πΏΜπ½π±π° | |
| All. | -π°π½πΈ | -πΏΜπ½πΈ | |
| Loc. | -π°π½π | -πΏΜπ½π | |
| Abl. | -π°π½π°π½π° | -πΏΜπ½π°π½π° | |
Unlike strong forms, singular weak forms do not distinguish between inanimates and animates.
| Dual | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -π°π½π° | -π°π½π° | -πΏΜπ½π° |
| Voc. | -π°π½π° | -π°π½π° | -πΏΜπ½π° |
| Acc. | -π°π½π° | -π°π½π° | -πΏΜπ½π° |
| Gen. | -π°π½π | -πΏΜπ½π΄ | |
| Caus. | -π°π±π° | -πΏΜπ±π° | |
| Dat. | -π°πΌπ° | -πΏΜπΌπ° | |
| Peg. | -π°ππ° | -πΏΜππ° | |
| Instr. | -π°πΌπΆπ° | -πΏΜπΌπΆπ° | |
| Form. | -π°π π° | -πΏΜπ π° | |
| Semb. | -π°π±πΆπ° | -πΏΜπ±πΆπ° | |
| All. | -π°πππ° | -πΏΜπππ° | |
| Loc. | -π°ππΆπ° | -πΏΜππΆπ° | |
| Abl. | -π°ππ½π° | -πΏΜππ½π° | |
Unlike strong forms, dual weak forms also do not distinguish between inanimates and animates. They are also unaffected by the weak noun non-standard forms.
| Paucal | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΏπ½πΉ | -π°Μπ½πΉ | -πΏΜπ½πΉ |
| Voc. | -πΏπ½πΉ | -π°Μπ½πΉ | -πΏΜπ½πΉ |
| Acc. | -πΏπ½πΉπ½π | -π°Μπ½πΉ | -πΏΜπ½πΉπ½π |
| Gen. | -πΏπ½π | -πΏΜπ½π΄ | |
| Caus. | -πΏπ±πΉ | -πΏΜπ±πΉ | |
| Dat. | -πΏπΌπΉ | -πΏΜπΌπΉ | |
| Peg. | -πΏππΉ | -πΏΜππΉ | |
| Instr. | -πΏπΌπΆπΉ | -πΏΜπΌπΆπΉ | |
| Form. | -πΏπ πΉ | -πΏΜπ πΉ | |
| Semb. | -πΏπ±πΆπΉ | -πΏΜπ±πΆπΉ | |
| All. | -πΏπππΉ | -πΏΜπππΉ | |
| Loc. | -πΏππΆπΉ | -πΏΜππΆπΉ | |
| Abl. | -πΏππ½πΉ | -πΏΜππ½πΉ | |
Adjectival weak paucal forms are identical to their weak noun counterparts.
| Plural | m. | nt. | f. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | -πΏπ½π | -π°Μπ½π° | -πΏΜπ½π |
| Voc. | -πΏπ½π | -π°Μπ½π° | -πΏΜπ½π |
| Acc. | -πΏπ½πΏπ½π | -π°Μπ½π° | -πΏΜπ½πΏπ½π |
| Gen. | -πΏπ½π΄ | -πΏΜπ½π | |
| Caus. | -πΏπ | -πΏΜπ | |
| Dat. | -πΏπΌ | -πΏΜπΌ | |
| Peg. | -πΏπ | -πΏΜπ | |
| Instr. | -πΏπΌπ | -πΏΜπΌπ | |
| Form. | -πΏπ | -πΏΜπ | |
| Semb. | -πΏππ | -πΏΜππ | |
| All. | -πΏππ | -πΏΜππ | |
| Loc. | -πΏππ | -πΏΜππ | |
| Abl. | -πΏππ½π° | -πΏΜππ½π° | |
Adjectival weak plural forms are too identical to their weak noun counterparts.